As an artist Siqueiros relented little on his ambitious projects. Three muralists in particular, Diego Rivera, Jos Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros, became significant figures in this art movement. In 1952, Siqueiros became involved in decorating the buildings of the new National Autonomous University of Mexico. They headed for the Cuban embassy, where Siqueiros hoped he would have the ambassador's protection. Siqueiros unveiled one of his most famous and outspoken paintings: The Good Neighbor or How Truman Helps the Mexican People (1951). 1947. 125 x 90 cm. Then, he received a travel grant from the Cultural Center of the Philippines to go to Mexico City and learn from famous muralist David Alfaro Siqueiros, a militant social realist. In 1938, Pollock was removed from his work due to absences. Moscow, 1980. These, he claimed, were true public art, imbibed with meaning and accessible to the people. Pyroxylin. For this purpose, he brought together some 25 men, including artists working under him, associates from his unionizing days and old comrades-in-arms. In 1929, David married Blanca Luz Brum, a journalist. found: Wikipedia, Feb. 26, 2013 (David Alfaro Siqueiros; born Jos de Jess Alfaro Siqueiros, December 29, 1896, in Chihuahua, Mexico; died January 6, 1974, in Cuernavaca, Morelos; Mexican social realist painter, known for his large murals in fresco. He, Diego Rivera, and Jos Clemente Orozco established Mexican Muralism. Siqueiros changed his given name to "David" after his first wife called him by it in allusion to . 1957-65. Mural in fresco. 75 x 60 cm. Though his ideas were rejected out of hand, he was given several large walls to paint that would occupy him for a large portion of the next few years. His artistic works include many brilliant, large-scale murals that show the world in motion through revolution. Since 1960 to 1964, Siqueiros was imprisoned by the Mexican government for the crime of "social dissolution". He was baptized Jos de Jess Alfaro Siqueiros. National Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico. Some time later, in 1935, the couple divorced. Known only from a black and white photograph, this extraordinary painting, purchased from the artist by the American composer George Gershwin (1898-1937 . The art students at the San Carlos School were, by contrast, very left-leaning. Museum of Modern Art, Mexico, Mexico. 1947. The following year, he joined the Spanish Republican Army. Panten Civil de Dolores. 28 x 21 cm. In 1924, they began to publish the newspaper El Machete, with a stated goal of safeguarding the revolution and protecting the interests of the working class. An Art Nouveau illustration published in the newspaper "", January 24, 1919. Angelica Buster was the painter's second wife. Though originally anointed by the dictatorial jefe maximo Plutarco Elias Calles, he soon clashed with his patron and took control of the government firmly into his own hands, allowing exiled Mexican dissidents a safe return. Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes, Mexico, Mexico. In 1902 Siqueiros started school in Irapuato, Guanajuato. Estudios Curs estudios en la Escuela de Bellas Artes de Mxico y en la escuela de Santa Anita de esta ciudad. He received death threats. This "accidental painting" technique went on the inform the work of some of the great artists such as Jackson Pollock. He was educated at the National School of Fine Arts, Mexico City, and did further study in Spain, Italy, and France. While still with the Mexican Revolution Army, he co-founded a group called the Congress of Soldier Artists. David was a Marxist-Leninist in support of the Soviet Union and a member of the Mexican Communist Party, who participated in an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Leon Trotsky in May 1940. Though never a formal member himself, the painter agreed with the organization's politics and, at least to some degree, its methods. Telling Angelica to go home, the painter took a cab to the house of his friend Dr. Carrillo Gil. 1939. 75 sq. Many details of his childhood, including birth date, birthplace, first name, and where he grew up, were misstated during his life and long after his death, in some cases by himself. A fourth mural may have been painted at the John Reed Club in Hollywood, but was largely undocumented and likely incomplete at . However, as it became apparent that no retribution for his earlier flight was forthcoming, he made ready to re-enter the Mexican art scene with his usual flair. This is a part of the Wikipedia article used under the Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA). David's mother died, when he was four and his father sent him and his siblings to live with their paternal grandparents. Museum of Modern Art, Mexico, Mexico. Ceiling over stairway.Encaustic. The Polyforum Siqueiros is located in Colonia Npoles in Mexico City and houses a 500-seat Greek style round theater and two art galleries. David Alfaro Siqueiros's work has been offered at auction multiple times, with realized prices ranging from 50 USD to 529,000 USD, depending on the size and medium of the artwork. David's mother died when he was four; their father sent the children to live with their paternal grandparents. While Siqueiros was in Spain, his father died, back in Mexico. Mexican Revolution threatened as seen in the distorted faces of Zapata and Toledano. David Alfaro Siqueiros, (born December 29, 1896, Chihuahua, Mexicodied January 6, 1974, Cuernavaca), Mexican painter and muralist whose art reflected his Marxist political ideology. Relief Mosaic. David Alfaro Siqueiros was an outspoken Mexican painter and political activist during the first three-quarters of the twentieth century. I dont want people to speculate what I mean, I want them to understand.". There, before the startled authorities could take action, he rented a car and took the overland route for Ecuador. Born in 1896 in Chihuahua, Mexico, to a bourgeois family, Siqueiros went to Mexico City as a teenager to study art and architecture. In 1911, at the age of fifteen, Siqueiros was involved in a student strike at the Academy of San Carlos, that protested the school's teaching methodology and urged the impeachment of the school's director. Jaime's mural in the municipio of Liliw, Laguna is reminiscent of the Siqueiros' style. David Siqueiros is well-known as a master of Mexican revolutionary mural art as well as a combatant in the defence of the Spanish democratic republic from fascism. Private collection. Cement fresco mural (obliterated with white wash). 1920. The son of a bourgeois family, painter Siqueiros was born in Chihuahua City, Mexico, on December 29, 1896. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Maya Lin, Biography: You Need to Know: Maria Tallchief. He was a strict disciplinarian, as befit his military background, but also held quite a different set of values than his cultured, university-educated son Cipriano. Email:contact@latamart.com, postart2000@yahoo.com. During the period from 1932 to 1933, Siqueiros was appointed a professor at the Chouinard Art Institute in Los Angeles, where he developed new technical processes for outdoor murals, including the use of airbrushes to apply paint. 1930. Aquiles Bigot. During the period in 1932 when David Alfaro Siqueiros was in Los Angeles, he painted three murals: Street Meeting at the Chouinard Art Institute; Amrica Tropical at El Pueblo de Los Angeles; and Portrait of Mexico Today at a private residence in Pacific Palisades. Quite soon, and despite initial difficulties, the two had moved into an apartment together. David Alfaro Siqueiros was born in Chihuahua. 171 x 81 cm. In 1947, the artist had a solo exhibition at the Palace of Fine Arts, his first in Mexico in some 15 years, where he showed El Coronelazo (1945, a self-portrait), Our Present Image (Nuestra Imagen Actual, 1947), Cain in the United States (1947) and the Devil in the Church (1947), among others. David Alfaro Siqueiros (1896-1974), one of the great Mexican mural painters, introduced technical innovations in his murals and easel paintings. In 1957, he began to work on 4,500-square-foot government commission for Chapultepec Castle in Mexico City. The following year, he joined the Spanish Republican Army. In his bedroom, Trotsky and his wife Natalya hid behind their heavy bed as the house around them was riddled with bullets. Period: 1896 to 1974. An international campaign calling for the liberation of Siqueiros unrolled almost immediately. The artists' movement took inspiration from the ideas of Geraldo Murillo, called "Dr. Atl", who called for a rejection of European, especially French, academism -- then the prevalent school of art in Mexico -- and the creation of a Mexican National art, based on Pre-Columbian Native American art. Back in Mexico, Siqueiros campaigned for the Cardenas government to allow Spanish refugees into the country, again bringing him into conflict with the authorities. Beginning in 1934, he devoted himself more and more to easel painting and carried out various experiments with Duco paint. So, how much is David Alfaro Siqueiros worth at the age of 78 years old? Via Ecuador and Peru, Siqueiros and Angelica eventually arrived in Chile, their original destination, where they caused another stir: the Chilean government had rescinded the painter's visa almost as soon as it had issued it, so the painter was now in the country illegally. Astrological Sign: Capricorn, Death Year: 1974, Death date: January 6, 1974, Death City: Cuernavaca, Death Country: Mexico, Article Title: David Alfaro Siqueiros Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/artists/david-alfaro-siqueiros, Publisher: A&E; Television Networks, Last Updated: April 14, 2021, Original Published Date: April 2, 2014. In its first -- and only -- issue, he called for the creation of a national monumental art, based on pre-Columbian Native American art. Within a decade, this one, together with one of the other two murals he'd painted during his stay were brought down. Though Siqueiros instructed her to stay away from the front, she tracked down his unit and visited him there. In 1911, Porfirio Diaz had been ousted from power and Francisco Madero, a moderate pro-democracy politician, was elected president. The works included such politically-charged paintings as Mine Accident, Peasant Mother, Proletarian Mother and Portrait of a Dead Child. 1958 was a year of political turmoil in Mexico. National Preparatory School, Mexico, Mexico. 1958. Pyroxylin on Masonite. David Alfaro Siqueiros. Without further ado, Siqueiros handed his studio over to his North American students, packed his bags and departed for Europe. The painter was given a Chilean visa and airline tickets, and was boarding a plane shortly after his release, together with Angelica Arenal and her daughter Adriana. David Alfaro Siqueiros (born Jos de Jess Alfaro Siqueiros, December 29, 1896, in Chihuahua - January 6, 1974, in Cuernavaca, Morelos) was a Mexican social realist. Their different duties -- his as military officer, hers as reporter -- would keep them apart for much of the war. MUERTE El 6 de enero de 1974, a las 10:17 horas, la comunidad cultural se estremeci con el fallecimiento del muralista mexicano David Alfaro Siqueiros, uno de los mximos representantes de la plstica nacional, cuya muerte marc el fin de una etapa del muralismo mexicano. The Mexican family had no problem crossing the Ecuadoran border -- remote, mountainous, poorly guarded and little-travelled -- but beautiful. 1931. WHAT'S GOING ON: David Alfaro Siqueiros painted this self-portrait on a wall in a hospital in Mexico City in 1945: it shows him in 1938 when he was a colonel in the Spanish Civil War fighting against Franco. Best Known For: David Alfaro Siqueiros was a Mexican painter and muralist whose work reflected his Marxist ideology. In the 40s, the Mexican Mural Movement had stagnated, for lack of funding and general interest; Siqueiros intended to re-vitalize it. Electrician's Union. This mural was taken down after irreparable damage to the building in the Mexican earthquake of 1985. 1936. Also, he gained prominence as the founder of "Mexican Muralism". From 1939 to 1944, Siqueiros resided in Cuba and Chile.The painter participated in the first ever Mexican contingent at the XXV Venice Biennale exhibition with Orozco, Rivera and Tamayo in 1950. He produced a poignant and powerful masterpiece. The University for the People. In 1936, he was visited in New York by some Spanish friends who informed him of the revolutionary conflict brewing in their homeland. Pyroxylin. [2] [1]Siqueiros fez pintura de cavalete, mas distinguiu-se principalmente pela pintura mural, onde foi um inovador em termos tcnicos. Acrylic on plywood. After the artist was released in 1964, he continued to show his fiery passion for left-wing causes. Suspicion fell on Siqueiros almost immediately. ""The artist must paint as he would speak. Private collection. David Alfaro Siqueiros divided his life equally between painting and radical politics. He quickly found Diego Rivera, with whom he had been acquainted before the outbreak of the Revolution, and who was then going through a Cubist period. Mexico, Mexico. The painter did not bother waiting for Mexico's law enforcement to take action and fled into the Jalisco countryside where he had contacts and sympathizers from his days of trade union activities. He strongly backed the new Cuban government and its leader, Fidel Castro, and came out swinging against the U.S. and its war in Vietnam. The result was Death to the Invader (1942), showing the struggle of Mexico's and Chile's indigenous peoples against European conquerors. Siqueiros: Biography of a Revolutionary Artist, Panten Civil de Dolores, Mexico City, Cuauhtmoc Borough, Distrito Federal, Mexico. Private collection. David Alfaro Sikeiros (p. Siqueiros had two siblings: a sister, Luz, three years older, and a brother "Chucho" (Jess), a year younger. Escuela Mexico, view of the south wall, Chillan, Chile. Siqueiros went, perhaps, the furthest of all the muralists in his attempts to combine his political views and aesthetic ideals with modern technical means to create a truly "public art". Pedstavitel tzv. 127 x 91 cm. He dabbled with ceramics, according to mutual friends. In 1913, this allowed Victoriano Huerta, a general under the porfirista regime elevated to Commander-in-Chief of the Mexican army, to stage a successful coup against the new democracy. Their protests eventually led to the establishment of an "open-air academy" in Santa Anita(es). 254 x 161 cm. 1947. David Alfaro Siqueiros (born Jos de Jess Alfaro Siqueiros, December 29, 1896, in Chihuahua - January 6, 1974, in Cuernavaca, Morelos) was a Mexican social realist painter, better known for his large murals in fresco. International Publishers, 1994. David Alfaro Siqueiros at Lecumberri prison (1960s) David Alfaro Siqueiros was born in 1896 in Chihuahua, Mexico and is known to be a key artist in the Mexican muralism movement, which was led by 'Los tres grandes' (comprised of artists Siqueiros, Diego Rivera, and Jos Celemente Orozco). He arrived in Valencia in January 1937, six months after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. Jose David Alfaro Siqueiros was born on December 29, 1896, in the town of Santa Rosalia, in the northern Mexican province of Chihuahua (today, the town is called Camargo) as the second of three children. 1918. This was a profound, if pleasant shock for the artist, who had believed that Mexican art would never be recognized in "European Formalist" circles. Eusebita, a much more gentle soul, took care to see that the children did not run completely wild, but she would unfortunately pass away a short time later. While waiting on the equipment to arrive, the soldier-painter set about petitioning the Mexican government to expel Trotsky, to whom they had granted asylum. A short time later, they were married in a military ceremony conducted by Enrique Lister. When Siqueiros and Graciela finally returned to Mexico in 1922, work was already under way. His final major work, the Polyforum Siqueiros (completed 1971) in Mexico City, is a huge auditorium integrating architecture, sculpture, and painting. The arm of the Revolution sinks in the shark-infested waters. These were years of great political upheaval in Mexico. 1939. Watercolor. Publicly, the police denied having him in custody. This only further enflamed the Mexican government against him. The painter participated in the first ever Mexican contingent at the XXV Venice Biennale exhibition with Orozco, Rivera and Tamayo in 1950. 1939. The Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. Angelica, who was driving, sped away through the narrow streets of Mexico city and managed to lose their tail. Who Is David Alfaro Siqueiros's Wife? This rapidly escalated to a protest against the establishment in general, fanned by the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution. It seemed, however, that this was being watched. 1936. After a long hiatus, he returned to painting, producing numerous easel works -- the Echo of the Scream (1937) and the Sob (1939) are two of the most notable, perhaps -- and, of course, murals. From Porfirio to the Revolution (1966) is by far one of Siqueiros' most iconic works: eloquent, powerful, straightforward and executed with great technical mastery. During the following years, Siqueiros continued to create sculptures and painting, incorporating different materials and methods. He continued his anti-Fascist theme during World War II, with pieces like "A New Day for Democracy," "Death to the Invader" and "Fraternity Between the Black and White Races.". Father: Cipriano Alfaro Mother: Teresa Siqueiros child: Adriana Alfaro Arenal First wife: Blanca Luz Brum Second wife: Angelica Buster "Amrica Tropical," painted by Mexican muralist David Alfaro Siqueiros on the side of the old Italian Hall on Olvera Street in 1932 and . For him and the other international brigadiers, however, the war was almost over. Private collection. He was soon promoted to 2nd Lieutenant and became a staff officer. Blanca Luz did not meet with the approval of Mexican Communist Party, who questioned her loyalty and in 1930, Siqueiros was expelled from the party. In 1922, David Alfaro Siqueiros painted frescoes on the walls of the National Preparatory School and began organizing and leading unions of artists and workingmen. Mexican artist and dedicated revolutionary, David Alfaro Siqueiros, was born in late December, 1896 (the exact date is disputed), and died on January 6, 1974. 1932. Mon, Feb 20, 2023 is by David Alfaro Siqueiros (1896-1974): "Maternity"; color lithograph; 1973 . In November, Angelica received news that her mother had fallen ill. Siqueiros. Cement fresco mural (obliterated with white wash). 1922. The painter sailed for New York. In 1923, David painted his famous mural "Burial of a Worker" in the stairwell of the Colegio Chico. The art students were faced with a new political climate. [3] Check out our david alfaro siqueiros selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our paintings shops. The painter was finally apprehended, with little incident, some four months later. 1932. Read Note. At the trial, Siqueiros maintained that his intention had never been to assassinate Trotsky, but merely to cause a provocation that would get him expelled from the country, and, in part due to his standing with the contemporary government of Mexico, in part to a more pro-Soviet shift of government ideology, he was cleared of the charge of attempted homicide and released on bail. Detail. Bringing in the army, he dispersed protest marches and demonstrations and authorized mass arrests. Padres Hijo de Cipriano Alfaro, abogado, y de Teresa Siqueiros, ama de casa. David Alfaro Siqueiros (born Jos de Jess Alfaro Siqueiros, December 29, 1896, in Chihuahua January 6, 1974, in Cuernavaca, Morelos) was a Mexican social realist painter, better known for his large murals in fresco. For now, however, he was in favor with the government. In 1928, he visited the Soviet Union to attend the Congress of Red Trade Unions. With increased interest in Mexican Art among Europeans, the painter made several tours abroad, reading lectures in France, Italy, the Netherlands, as well as Eastern bloc countries like Poland and Czechoslovakia. However, as the painters were leaning further to the left, Mexican politics were going into a reactionary phase. Retrato de Jose Maria Alfaro Zamora Painting. Siqueiros, as the highest-ranking Mexican officer, was tasked with gathering up his countrymen and overseeing their withdrawal. 240 sq. After several months that Siqueiros spent in agonizing limbo, unsure of his status and his future, he was allowed to go free, on condition that he would leave Mexico City and settle in the town of Taxco, without the right to travel. This is where Pollock met David Alfaro Siqueiros. He admired and was influenced by the work of Cezanne. Soon, he had two new mural commissions: New Democracy (1944), to be painted in the Palace of Fine Arts in Mexico City, and Patricians and the Killers of Patricians (Patricios y Patricidas, only completed in 1968, amid endless obstructions, bureaucratic and otherwise), to be painted in Mexico City's old customs-house, the "ex Aduana". In 1907, after a row with Siete Filos, Cipriano took his children back to live with him in Mexico City, where the boys were enrolled at the Catholic Franco-English School, run by the Marist monks. He served as a secretary general of the Painter's Syndicate and became one of the editors of its publication "El machete".In 1923, David painted his famous mural "Burial of a Worker" in the stairwell of the Colegio Chico. [ 3] In 1934, in Mexico, a new president, Lazaro Cardenas, took office. David Siqueiros was born on December 29, 1896 in Camargo, Chihuahua, Mexico. The acclaim received by this mural, one of Siqueiros' masterpieces, finally convinced the Chilean government to allow him freedom of movement. Later, he continued his art studies in Europe. At the age of 18 Siqueiros joined the Mexican Revolution Army, eventually attaining the rank of captain. David Alfaro Siqueiros (born Jos de Jess Alfaro Siqueiros, December 29, 1896, in Chihuahua - January 6, 1974, in Cuernavaca, Morelos) was a Mexican social realist painter, better known for his large murals in fresco. . Olivera Street, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Jacob Burck (ne Yankel Boczkowsky, January 10, 1907 - May 11, 1982) was a Polish-born Jewish-American painter, sculptor, and award-winning editorial cartoonist.Active in the Communist movement from 1926 as a political cartoonist and muralist, Burck quit the Communist Party after a visit to the Soviet Union in 1936, deeply offended by political demands there to manipulate his work. 1919. His Communist activities led to numerous jailings and periods of exile. Between 1927 and 1940, Mexico's leading muralists Jos Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros, among others came to the United States to execute lithographs and easel paintings, exhibit their art, and create large-scale murals. With the Cold War beginning to escalate, the new Communist cause celebre became an effort to stop the Korean War, which was termed a "manifestation of Western imperialism" that "went contrary to the wishes of the Korean people." After Huerta's fall from power, the victorious Constitutionalists fell out among themselves, with Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata aligning themselves against the new government of Carranzo. Along with Diego Rivera and Jos Clemente Orozco, he established "Mexican Muralism." Siqueiros died on Sunday, January 6, 1974, putting a cap on a long and adventurous life. David's father was Cipriano Alfaro, an affluent lawyer who came from a line of well-to-do land-owners, a disciplinarian and a religious Catholic. The discovery of his birth certificate in 2003 by a Mexican art curator was announced the following year by art critic Raquel Tibol, who was renowned as the leading authority on Mexican Muralism and who had been a close acquaintance of Siqueiros. src="" alt="" class="gallery-slider__content__img" height="", data-src="/web/show-photo.jpg?id=1877443&cache=false" Instead, Siqueiros traveled to Cuba (then within the US sphere of influence), where, in order to fix his dire financial situation, he painted two murals for private parties: New Day of the Democracies (1943; now in the National Museum of Cuba) and Allegory of Equality and Fraternity of the White and Black Races in Cuba (1943). In 1910 the Mexican Revolution erupted, and a newly politicized Siqueiros became involved in student strikes. Along. The story of finding the plastic exercise mural, by David Alfaro Siqueiros, in a dark basement of an abandoned house in the outskirts of Buenos Aires, begins with a gloomy scene: "When you reach the basement, slowly and lit by the dim light of a candle, we began to try to interpret that bustle of shapeless figures, of harmonic colors, where only Jaime's mural in the municipio of Liliw, Laguna is reminiscent of the Siqueiros' style. Mexican Muralists: Orozco, Rivera, Siqueiros by Desmond Rochfort. Siqueiros fotograferad av Hctor Garca Cobo vid Lecumberri-fngelset i Mexico City, 1960. 1939. David Alfaro Siqueiros (born Jos de Jess Alfaro Siqueiros; December 29, 1896 - January 6, 1974) was a Mexican social realist painter, best known for his large public murals using the latest in equipment, materials and technique.Along with Diego Rivera and Jos Clemente Orozco, he was one of the most famous of the "Mexican muralists". During this time, he met Uruguayan writer and fellow Communist Blanca Luz Blum and became romantically involved with her, eventually divorcing his wife, Gachita. Pyroxylin on aluminum. Oil on burlap. Numerous artists were represented. Through him, David was introduced to Georges Braque and other Cubists. Antonio, called "Siete Filos" or "Seven Blades" for his prowess, had fought on the Republican side against the Mexican Imperialists and the French in the War of the French Intervention (1861-1867). The Museum of Modern Arts, New York, NY, USA. Upon being shown the monumental art of the Hindus and Buddhists, the painter reportedly quipped: "Unless Socialist art can come up with something to equal this, I swear, I will have to become a Buddhist!". In May of that year, he was arrested while participating in a May Day parade and thrown into prison, without trial or hearing of any sort. Private collection. Together with Amado de la Cueva, he organized the Alliance of Painters in Guadalajara in 1925, and there he worked with De la Cueva and Carlos Orozco on decorations for the University of Guadalajara. Photo: Time Life Pictures/Pix Inc./The LIFE Picture Collection via Getty Images, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: David Alfaro Siqueiros, Birth Year: 1896, Birth date: December 29, 1896, Birth City: Chihuahua, Birth Country: Mexico. By contrast, very left-leaning round theater and two art galleries protest marches and demonstrations and authorized mass arrests into. With their paternal grandparents sinks in the shark-infested waters white wash ) very left-leaning with meaning accessible! [ 3 ] in 1934, he visited the Soviet Union to attend the Congress of Red Unions. Communist activities led to the building in the first three-quarters of the twentieth.... 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