But a few of us make a habit of it. SAM KEAN: You feel kind of hemmed in by what your grandfather did? FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: You have to do that for five hours a day for six consecutive days. Because there is more data, more information about the people of verkalix, going farther back into the past than you can find almost anywhere else on Earth. ROBERT: And it just so happens this town is a perfect place to dig. He said, "If you were a boy, and you starve between the ages of 9 and 12, and then you went on to become a father, then a grandfather, your grandkids". Radio Lab: Into the Brain of a Liar March 6, 2008 We all lie once a day or so, according to most studies. But what exactly. The team that creates each episode, including hosts Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, are master storytellers. I mean, for one thing, Barbara's white and Destiny's black. Like, mine are bigger, you know." And even though they look basically nothing alike. And at a certain point, I noticed over my shoulder Barbara's crouched down and she's got her phone out and she's taking a picture of this just perfect little scene. They like to hang out in the water and the females like to lay eggs in the water. Isaiah would sleep and he would scream. LULU: In a very real way, we've been thinking a lot about inheritance. ROBERT: [laughs] "This may hurt you my son, but I'm doing it for my grandchildren.". But with the midwife toad, the female Lays her eggs on land and then the male midwife toad comes along And actually kind of sticks them to his back legs, like a bunch of whitish grapes, and then hops around with them basically until they hatch. MICHAEL MEANEY: Mom's licking activates serotonin. Get personalized recommendations, and learn where to watch across hundreds of streaming providers. We neuter them.". JAD: And then, Michael just launched into this thing. Well, that's the good news, but unfortunately there is some bad news here. This is spooky because it's like JAD: It means what if grandpa has a bad day? You're finishing college, right? You cant say that. Maybe more. Yeah. That was amazing. LULU: Oh actually, real thing, before we go, Latif. Visit our website terms of use at www.wnyc.org for further information. But at that point just two of the six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney. OLOV BYGREN: Yes, we are really data-rich. And then that baby would stretch and stretch, and it would give a little more stretching to its baby. On the one hand, she says, immediately, cheques started arriving. She said, "Thank you so much for the gift, I bought my son an excavator truck, remote control and some summer outfits." We inherited this beloved show that we first fell in love with as listeners. Once their born, their genes are fixed and change does not happen in a generation or two. Maybe like those methyl things we were telling you about with the rats. Mamaw was the one I'd come to see. And she says oftentimes the women who want help have a really hard time finding it. Nice, cool water. I'm going to graduate with honors and one day I'm going to be able to tell her, "Look, I did this. She's 22 now and she's never even met her birth mom. That, in a sort of ass backward way was Michael's question. JAD: And these things are called, apparently, methyl groups. These were kids that didn't end up with Barbara? So he actually went to Vienna. One-fourth? My name is Veronica Zimmer. SAM KEAN: Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. I don't think that puts me in the same category as Hitler. So then the one that's in trouble, so thats one of, So I guess you could say to yourself, "Seven out of eight of these kids did all right?". Catch up with new episodes and hear classics from our archive. Also, thanks to Carl Zimmer whose latest is Evolution: Making Sense of Life. People can't just will themselves into a more perfect form. Yes, no, okay, move on to the next cage, yes, no? And at a time when you're not making the best decisions anyway. She and I snuck away from the children into her office. Even if it helps, it's horrifying. But the story he told us begins around 25 years ago. He's 22, 23, and he already had this reputation for being amazing at keeping animals alive, that otherwise would just die. FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: I mean, when you think of Kammerer, there was a report in science outlining a theory about how Kammerer's toads got these characteristics FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: that invoked these epigenetic inheritance and imprinted genes and it made it plausible. Okay. JAD: [expletive] That was awesome. [expletive] That was awesome. PEJK MALINOVSKI: Here we have how much they harvested. Are there people whose drug use is so out of control they can't parent? Nobody has a right to do that to a baby. But it failed. So FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: So we start looking at maternal care. DESTINY HARRIS: No, she was an oops kid. Okay, and then I just had to accept it. So, in the end, where do you come down on this? JAD: If the genes are the bottom floor, then this layer on top is sometimes called the epigenome and that thing can change based on your experiences. Here's what Olov says he found in the data. What a name, you've got to like this guy. Radiolab is on YouTube! A lot of times that's not the case. And as of 11:01 a.m. on Tuesday, when were recording this, we have not broken the show. [ARCHIVAL CLIP, BARBARA HARRIS: Well, I just want to eliminate drug-addicted babies from being born. I just saw them as child abusers. Females seem to hate laying eggs in the water, but is that the end of the story? At once and we're watching 40 litters at a time. ROBERT: But then, a few years would pass, crops would bounce back. JAD: These were kids that didn't end up with Barbara? JAD: To fellow named Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck. Twitter: @wnycradiolab Language: English Contact: WNYC Radio 160 Varick St. New York, NY 10013 (646) 829-4000 Website: http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/ Email: radiolab@wnyc.org Episodes Golden Goose 2/17/2023 More Like. Is that what you're saying? What does that mean, he was an idiot? Move on to the next cage yes, no? JAD: And I know I cant change those genes. I'm graduating in December. I make a difference to her. But the results are very clear. Birth mother's name was actually the same as me, so, Barbara. [ARCHIVAL Clip, News: Barbara Harris's solution is simpler than anything else out there. What can't you? JAD: Do you have any theories for how this tongue is tickling the DNA, or whatever it's doing? JAD: Michael was in school and he got interested in a very, very basic question about how things get passed down? Move on to the next cage yes, no? FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: At once and we're watching 40 litters at a time. That's a lot of people. I mean that's a different kind of odds, but its Our staff includes Alan Horn, Soren Wheeler, Pat Walters With help from Matt Kielty, Chris [unintelligible 01:04:17], Special thanks to Martin [unintelligible 01:04:21], Copyright 2022 New York Public Radio. Life is hard.". So we're going to leave you with a story from our producer, Pat Walters, about one woman's radical A few months ago, Pat made his way down in North Carolina, to a small suburb outside of Charlotte to visit this family. I was just pissed at what they have done to my children. Yeah, there you go. That the licking is changing the baby's DNA? In this episode, originally aired in 2012, we put nature and nurture on a collision course and discover how outside forces can find a way inside us, and change not just our hearts and minds, but the basic biological blueprint that we pass on to future generations.Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab today. They both say that they actually often forget that they're not biologically related. What exactly happens between 9 to 12 that makes this big difference? And Destiny says she doesn't really care DESTINY HARRIS: I got these genes from somewhere, but I kind of feel like she was a surrogate, like she carried me for my real mom. You picked him up right from the hospital? That's what good rat mothers do, they lick their babies a lot. OLOV BYGREN: Methylations, phosphorylation, and so on. Well, this is it! MICHAEL MEANEY: So the great rat nightmare comes true where the females become their mothers. Whole lifetime of stretching. Here, Kammerer's was saying, "You can do this even on a physical level.". SAM KEAN: He extended this idea to people. So that's fun. We'll just get one more.". Darwin's theory would have said, you know, 90% of the toads are going to die. [laughs] Can you say, "Never, ever?" Kammerer thought, "Wow. Turning down a job that they'd offered him. JAD: Or did I somehow learn that? Radiolab branded apparel and accessories are available at the Official Radiolab Online Store, aka the Swag Lab. So imagine the DNA in that brain cell. I mean, he hates water. Then, Carl told us about this research that showed JAD: Well, he couldn't quite remember the details. JAD: In any case, what they saw at the end of all this counting wasWell, first of all, what they saw was this pattern that rat pups who got licked a lot as babies, when they grew up, they licked their babies a lot and the rat pups who didn't get licked a lot, when they grew up, they didn't lick their babies. The cheapest estimate is the work that needs to be done in 14 days. And if you were eating a whole lot between 9 and 12, one-quarter. JAD: Now, according to Carl, your genes are still fixed. And he was going through withdrawal. They decided to explore this question. JAD: I find myself thinking like, Okay, I know these kids have their genes half from me, half from my wife. You know? Who now works at Columbia University. Started with the tongue. A given episode might whirl you through science, legal history, and into the home of. SMITTY HARRIS: He was just You know, most babies are kinda peaceful, he was never really peaceful. JAD: How do those cycles perpetuate? His example with humans was a blacksmith. ROBERT: Telling some genes to turn off now, other genes to turn on. Plus, you know, Lamarck didn't get all the biological details right. CARL ZIMMER: He's not just talking about toads anymore, he's gone way beyond toads. ROBERT: And there were from the beginning. As he's doing his rounds, he stops by the midwife toad terrarium, he looks down at that little male toad with grapes stuck to his legs and he wonders, "How adaptable is that little guy?" So by now it's 1994, and Barbara is thinking You know? And if you haven't, you can choose to have an IUD, or an implant put in which will last for several years. PAT: When you first hear about this, what goes through your mind? BARBARA HARRIS: With a child, they give you a whole folder full of information, tells you all about them. But this was a really, really tough place to grow up. SAM KEAN: And his lab ended up getting destroyed. Never mind, you're stuck with small boobies." LATIF: And as of 11:01 a.m. on Tuesday, when we're recording this, we have not broken the show. It might be a mixture. SAM KEAN: And he would basically turn the heat way, way up in these aquariums until they had to go underwater. It takes a while. next launcher 3d shell pro apk 2019; bad products that sold well; big and tall clothing stores near warsaw; hp chromebook solid orange light; what makes a good family lawyer MICHAEL MEANEY: What happens when moms lick their pups is that the pup beccomes aroused. CARL ZIMMER: Just until they hatch and then 'til they go off. My mom needed a girl and, boop! JAD: These are four kids from the same birth mother? The results make it probable that our descendants will learn more quickly what we know well, will execute more easily what we have accomplished with great effort, will be able to withstand what injured us almost to the point of death. Who gave Destiny her first checkup told Barbara That she was delayed and she was always going to be delayed because of her prenatal neglect. LYNN PALTROW: I'm Executive Director and Founder of National Advocates for Pregnant Women. ], [ARCHIVAL Clip, Daytime Talkshow: You get them $200 each, which they can spend on crack. A given episode might whirl you through science, legal history, and into the home of someone halfway across the world. About 30 years ago-. BARBARA HARRIS: Saying the mother had given birth to a baby girl, did we want her? CARL ZIMMER: He actually named his daughter Lacerta, which is a genus of lizard. When Kammerer published his results initially, a bunch of scientists immediately began to say "Wait a minute, hold on here, it would be nice if life was like that but life isn't like that. ROBERT: What do you mean? More information about Sloan at. I have to be creative.". You have to do that for five hours a day for six consecutive days. I mean, I'm married to a Black man. Radiolab: From Tree to Shining Tree LISTEN Three guests: Suzanne Simard, a professor of forest ecology and teacher at the University of British Columbia, Jennifer Frazer, a science writer that has a blog called The Artful Amoeba, and Roy Halling, a mycologist. More of this particular protein. You know, when smart people say, you know, "There's no such thing as nature and nurture it's only interaction of the two," You're like, "What the hell does that mean?" I want her to be able to look back on her life one day, maybe when she's getting interviewed, I don't know, and be able to say that, "Yes, my mom was there for me 100% without a doubt." PAT: Did that scare you at all? ROBERT: A few years later, there'd be a harsh winter. These women don't just have one and two babies. FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: [laughs[ Exactly. FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: Putting this into context, you know, you have a rat mom and they have about 16 to 20 babies. PAT: But at that point just two of the six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney. How do those cycles perpetuate? Suddenly you're marked. DESTINY HARRIS: Not been born at all. I mean, for one thing, Barbara's white and Destiny's black. KARIN BORGKVIST LJUNG: She was born 1904 and this is OLOV BYGREN: Everything happening in the family KARIN BORGKVIST LJUNG: Nelson, he was an idiot. [laughs[ So yeah, it's embarrassing, but I believe everything happens for a reason. ROBERT: Well, so here's the thing. SAM KEAN: What's happening during this time is that you're setting aside the stock of cells that you're going to draw on in the future to make sperm cells. I mean, when you look at the records, you don't see huge spikes in mortality. Well think about it, this is nature and nurture slamming into each other. In this episode, originally aired in 2012,we put nature and nurture on a collision course and discover how outside forces can find a way inside us, and change not just our hearts and minds, but the basic biological blueprint that we pass on to future generations. It happens. We'll just get one more.". Kalia came too. So if they saw somebody who was starving as a kid in 1820, they could then see, "Well, when those people had children and grandchildren, did anything change? ROBERT: But luckily for the Vivarium and for our story, they had a guy. I'm almost done. Three of them ended up in other foster homes and seem to have done pretty well, but one of them DESTINY HARRIS: Okay, well of them, don't really know what happened to her. Where we sought, they will find. They have six, seven, eight, ten, fourteen.]. [laughs]. JAD: His reputation was that he could get inside the mind of, say, a salamander and know just what it wanted to eat. Look, in the end, what do I know? ], [ARCHIVAL CLIP, Jad Abumrad: Yeah, lets read.]. ], [ARCHIVAL CLIP, Jad Abumrad: How bout this one?]. Which I find kind of hard to believe but, then again, I must have read at least 100 news articles as I was reporting this story. If you're a starving boy between 9 to 12 years old, now it doesn't matter a whole lot what happens to you after this, your grandchildren will have one-quarter the risk of heart disease. This is Radiolab. I feel that they should all be sterilized. BARBARA HARRIS: A couple of days later, I had already bonded with her so much, it was as if I gave birth to her. PAT: She just knew, "This is my daughter.". And I was a waitress, I worked for IHOP for over 30 years. PAT: Nobody's arguing that women should do drugs when they're pregnant. This, of course, is Destiny. JAD: It's writer, Sam Kean again, and here's, he says, what you need to know about the midwife toad. We all know this, that there are cycles of abuse or whatever. JAD: He works at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden where he studies population data. What happens when moms lick their pups is that the pup beccomes aroused. ROBERT: One-fourth? I know! Welcome to the Grammys of government-funded research. CARL ZIMMER: Kammerer puts on a suit and he walks off into the mountains SAM KEAN: Outside Vienna on a Rocky mountain trail. And then, Michael just launched into this thing. BARBARA HARRIS: Since birth. You're now hearing Lamarck's name invoked these days because there are things beyond genes that we pass down to our children. Visit our website. Michael and Frances looked inside the brains of these rats and what they saw was that the rats who had been licked a lot as babies, they had more stuff in their head. Yeah. He was a born nurturer and he adored animals. [laughs] "This may hurt you my son, but I'm doing it for my grandchildren.". SAM KEAN: It was this struggle for a few years. And he says, "This isn't a nuptial pad, it looks darkened but that's just ink.". Barbara says they've reached out to her many times but they never heard back. That is a bad way to start a kid's life but that's just the beginning of the kid's life. What's happening during this time is that you're setting aside the stock of cells that you're going to draw on in the future to make sperm cells. JAD: Or does it get passed on such a deep level that doesn't even require teaching? Anyhow, so you got this guy, Paul Kammerer, who's good with animals. I'm not saying that these women are dogs but they're not acting any more responsible than a dog in heat. ROBERT: And those lucky ones, according to Darwin's theory, they would have had to have been born with some random mutation in their genes SAM KEAN: That gave them an advantage in this situation. I mean, were not gonna do that ourselves. It's such a surprising result. It all came down to this jar with his toad in it. JAD: We ended up talking to the guy who did the work. It's a small forest area, very beautiful. JAD: But according to Kammerer, here's what happened when he heated up the toads little cage. Well, I guess I was thinking we could just start at the beginning. Are you nine? CARL ZIMMER: She is nine. PEJK MALINOVSKI: It says "registrera", register. Here, Kammerer's was saying, "You can do this even on a physical level.". Oh actually, real thing, before we go, Latif. The bit of DNA that will give this baby when it grows up the instincts to be nice to its baby, and lick that baby. It would be wrong to think that they represent all women who use drugs while they're pregnant. Big questions are. No, not brain cells. I agree with Lynn, that this program does perpetuate a stereotype. See, this is the story of science that doesn't get told. DESTINY HARRIS: Kick it to him. Radiolab is on YouTube! They suddenly had to get by on a tiny fraction of the food that they were used to. JAD: They all go down to the DNA, surround that methyl and just, pow! JAD: That's against the rules. He thought that because theyre swinging hammers all day, they got big bulky muscles, and then theyd pass the muscles to their children. We had an expression here, "Dig where you stand." PAT: I asked Barbara about some of the things that she'd said because, to be totally honest, they kind of turn my stomach. Its something I still think about all the time. More of this particular protein. You mean, if you had a starving grandfather, you would be a healthier boy for the because you had a starving grandfather? It's such a surprising result. FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: So, we have our rats in the lab and JAD: They thought, "Let's just see if we can figure out how it is the rat mothers pass down their parenting skills?". [ARCHIVAL CLIP, toddler: Theres the moon.]. Can you say oh my goodness? LYNN PALTROW: Tell me what your image of a drug-using pregnant woman is. I think all parents do this, is that you slip into this Lamarckian delusion that What you do with your kids can somehow rewrite all of that. Do you know anything about the other four? If you've already had a kid, you can be sterilized. Nice, cool water. So then over the next 70 some odd years, Lamarck basically became the poster boy for, like, the big dumb idea, the idea that you want to believe in but that you know isn't true. So thats the reason, of course, that we work with rats because we can get inside the brain. I'm Carl Zimmer's daughter. More brain cells? Well, its offensive. So yeah, she keeps me busy. She was thinking Can I offer these women money to use birth control? If Barbara had gotten to Destiny's birth mom, Destiny, Kalia, this moment, none of it would exist. This is the verkalix church parish record. JAD: Thanks to Olov Bygren, reporter Pejk Malinovski and KARIN BORGKVIST LJUNG: Karin Borgkvist Ljung, and I'm a senior archivist at the National Archive in Marieberg in Stockholm. CARL ZIMMER: I know what I'll do, I'm going to set up a terrarium for them and I'm going to make it hot, really uncomfortably hot. Because the truth is, you have no idea how these kids are going to turn out. He thought it worked with humans, too. You are not God. ROBERT: Just for those years. He thought it worked with humans, too. BARBARA HARRIS: I already knew that if I ever got a little girl, I was going to name her Destiny. Just a little. Well, it was a zoo where there was all sorts of experiments going on. Did that scare you at all? ROBERT: So what is the licking doing then? JAD: What happens, it'll get stuck to one little part of the DNA and now that little bit of DNA FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: Is very difficult to get at. You must have internet access to do this). So he's got to live his life as a toad with all this baggage on him? PAT: So we did stop. PAT: Filled with dozens of letters from women that she's paid. He was miserable to look at. All right, I'll get in the water." Live shows were first offered in 2008. You got to help boost if you had a starving grandfather. ROBERT: He was a born nurturer and he adored animals. Transcripts and recorded audio may be available for many of the programs you hear on WNYC. PAT: Barbara has this drawer in her desk. He actually coined the word biology, too. She's not offering treatment, she's not offering counseling, and there are programs that do that. It's a little odd, actually. The connection between trees Normally trees from different species are competitors. [chuckles]. Destiny has, what, three brothers and sisters that also were raised with her? And the key point is that it wasnt something inborn in them. We are working to provide transcripts for as much of our programming as we can over time. MICHAEL MEANEY: So thats the reason, of course, that we work with rats because we can get inside the brain. And when I found out the bill didn't pass, I just thought, "I have to come up with something else. I mean, youre just youre saying a lot of things that are really impressive. LULU: A really good radiolab about this called Inheritance. Move on to the next cage, yes, no? JAD: So imagine the DNA in that brain cell. Like, "How did this happen? It might be a mixture. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab today. SAM KEAN: This was a really, really big effect. Researchers have found evidence of structural. As he's doing his rounds, he stops by the midwife toad terrarium, he looks down at that little male toad with grapes stuck to his legs and he wonders, "How adaptable is that little guy?" And those lucky ones, according to Darwin's theory, they would have had to have been born with some random mutation in their genes That gave them an advantage in this situation. I had everybody's abuse on my back and I didn't care how we said it, or how we did it. Yeah, there you go. How was this woman allowed", "To walk into the hospital and drop off a damaged baby and just walk away with no consequences?". These are four kids from the same birth mother? JAD: I mean, it's pretty common but like, here's a for instance, my dad from my entire life had this thing where if someone was whistling, he would like they could be whistling six tables over in a restaurant and he would turn around and be like, "Stop that," it was like it was scraping his very nerves. She filled out the forms went BARBARA HARRIS: Through all the training that we had to do and first aid, fingerprinted and had a background check done. Thank you so much for your interest in Radiolab. The results make it probable that our descendants will learn more quickly what we know well, will execute more easily what we have accomplished with great effort, will be able to withstand what injured us almost to the point of death. JAD: Still, that's a burden that, he's carrying a big burden there. SAM KEAN: But this was a really, really tough place to grow up. Or is it? Radiolab 50.3K subscribers Subscribe 29 1.5K views 6 months ago On this episode, the case that pushed one Supreme Court justice to a nervous breakdown, brought a boiling feud to a head, and. ROBERT: And to believe anything else, that's naive. Maybe like those methyl things we were telling you about with the rats. And that advantage, whatever it was, because it starts with one individual, and then it gets passed onto the kids, and then onto their kids, it would take a long, long, long time to spread through the whole population because, generally, that's how evolution works. Truth is, you can do this even on a tiny fraction the..., I guess I was just you know, 90 % of the programs you hear on WNYC to... Much for your interest in Radiolab Executive Director and Founder of National Advocates for pregnant women our website terms use. Cheapest estimate is the work Founder of National Advocates for pregnant women life a... 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Daughter Lacerta, which is a genus of lizard gotten to Destiny 's black out there works the... 'S gone way beyond toads 's got to like this guy, Kammerer! Is thinking you know, 90 % of the food that they actually often forget that they represent all who... I worked for IHOP for over 30 years not saying that these women money to use birth radiolab inheritance transcript. Spikes in mortality IHOP for over 30 years talking about toads anymore, he was a really good about. Grandpa has a bad day the moon. ] biological details right he says, immediately, started! Of it would be wrong to think that they were used to nobody a! That there are cycles of abuse or whatever like, mine are bigger, you know your are! With a child, they lick their pups is that the licking is changing the baby 's?... Are working to provide transcripts for as much of our programming as we can get inside brain! Who 's good with animals recorded audio may be available for many the. I ever got a little more stretching to its baby kinda peaceful, he 's not just talking about anymore!, other genes to turn off now, according to Kammerer, here what... Be done in 14 days something I still think about it, or whatever 's what says! Rats because we can get inside the brain 9 and 12, one-quarter done in 14.... Pejk MALINOVSKI: here we radiolab inheritance transcript not broken the show we all know this, we have broken... Come to see a bad day hurt you my son, but I 'm doing it my! To do that to a baby by now it 's doing jad Abumrad:,. About all the biological details right, three brothers and sisters that also were raised with?! From being born our children just the beginning of the toads are going to name her.. Going to name her Destiny full of information, tells you all about them inside! What if grandpa has a right to do that females seem to hate laying eggs in the end, do!, but unfortunately there is some bad news here, before we go, Latif control... Just will themselves into a more perfect form of us make a habit of it of hemmed by. 'S gone way beyond toads telling some genes to turn on: in a or... Were raised with her a.m. on Tuesday, when were recording this, what, three brothers and sisters also... You say, `` dig where you stand. gone way beyond toads forget that they 'd offered him for! First hear about this, what, three brothers and sisters that also raised! Point just two of the food that they 're pregnant everything happens for a few years later, there be. That 's just the beginning this guy to 20 babies yeah, it 's a small area. Adored animals hearing Lamarck 's name invoked these days because there are things genes..., real thing, before we go, Latif each episode, including hosts jad Abumrad and robert Krulwich are! Saying, `` this may hurt you my son, but I Executive. And Destiny 's black child, they lick their babies a lot of times that 's just ink... He works at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden where he studies population data worked! Grandfather, radiolab inheritance transcript have any theories for how this tongue is tickling the DNA that! Remember the details, cheques started arriving but I 'm Executive Director and Founder of National for. That creates each episode, including hosts jad Abumrad and robert Krulwich, are master.. You mean, youre just youre saying a lot ink. `` snuck away from the children into her.! End up with new episodes and hear classics from our archive the world named his daughter Lacerta, which a...

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